Trend of passive smoking and associated factors in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN studies.

BMC Public Health · 2022 · PMC8962519 · PMID 35351076

Europe PMC DOI

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Also, an increasing trend in urban and rural areas, in people satisfied with their lives and in all family socioeconomic status sub-categories was seen.

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

Regarding the trend of passive smoking, contrary to Iran, studies report a decreasing trend in both sexes in many countries.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.