Probing the mechanism of the conversion of methyl levulinate into γ-valerolactone catalyzed by Al(OiPr)₃ in an alcohol solvent: a DFT study.

42,43 In the conversion of ML to GVL in i-PrOH, the content of isopropyl levulinate (IPL) is relatively high in the early stage of the reaction, and then follows a decreasing trend at different temperatures of 110, 120, 130, and 140 °C within 60 min. 18 This indicates that the transesterification reaction of ML to IPL does indeed occur at the beginning of the transformation, and that the IPL would be further converted as the reaction proceeds.

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