Label-free focusing of viral particles under a temperature gradient coupled with continuous swirling flow.

Using typical thermophoretic mobility values 23 of D T ∼10 −8 cm 2 s −1 K −1 and a moderate temperature gradient of ∼0.2 K μm −1 as used in this work, the thermophoretic velocity is 0.2 μm s −1 , fairly significant compared to the characteristic dimension of microfluidic devices on the order of 10–100 μm.

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