Can female guppies learn to like male colours? A test of the role of associative learning in originating sexual preferences.

These models showed that while females form the orange treatment spent significantly more time near orange males than near the black ones ( p = 0.047), the discrimination rate of black-conditioned females did not reach significance ( p = 0.133). When tested with mixed-coloured males after conditioning (MC blocks), females from the two treatments tended to differ in the amount of time they spend near differently coloured males, and the effect was in the same direction as in the SC blocks, albeit it was marginally non-significant ( t = 1.86, p = 0.065; N = 117; figure 2 , electronic supplementary material, figure S4 and full model in table 2 ).

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