In the Life-Adult study, which used the 12-item form of the Sniffin Sticks', a olfactory identification test, while highly significant univariate and multivariate associations of executive function tests (verbal fluency, Trail making test B/A) were identified, Receiver operating curve analyses showed very modest scores (AUC 0.55 for verbal fluency, 0.55 for TMT and corresponding sensitivity/specificity scores) leading the investigators to comment that “the ability of the smell test to discriminate between individuals with and without cognitive impairment was limited” (Yahiaoui-Doktor et al., 2019 ).
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