highly significantp < 0.0001
In particular, the difference was highly significant in the case of ALS (controls: 9098.68 ± 1210.76 pg/mL; ALS: 17,235.3 ± 1033.2; p < 0.0001), and AD (18,496.00 ± 1165.27; p < 0.001) and less in the case of ID (16,180.35 ± 1323.65; p = 0.004).