borderline significantp = 0.05
The standardized indirect effects for the MUSIC constructs on achievement were statistically significant for success ( p < 0.01) and interest ( p < 0.05), and borderline significant for caring ( p = 0.05), with the following values: 0.008 for empowerment ( p = 0.370), 0.010 for usefulness ( p = 0.184), 0.064 for success ( p = 0.006), 0.028 for interest ( p = 0.016), and − 0.016 for caring ( p = 0.050).