Aging of the Immune System: Research Challenges to Enhance the Health Span of Older Adults.

This chronic inflammation is a highly significant risk factor for both morbidity and mortality in older adults ( Franceschi et al., 2000 ) and is hypothesized to be a driver of age-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, atherosclerosis, osteoarthritis, cancer, and hypertension ( Freund et al., 2010 ; Childs et al., 2017 ; He and Sharpless, 2017 ).

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