Why and how we should join the shift from significance testing to estimation.

J Evol Biol · 2022 · PMC9322409 · PMID 35582935

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likely to be significantno p-value reported

The reason is that due to sampling variation, some studies will find an effect that is larger than the true population effect size; and those studies are more likely to be significant than studies that happen to find smaller, or more realistic, effects.

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