found that the introduction of TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , or SiO 2 nanoparticles in the amount of 1, 3, and 5 wt.% of the binder increased the compressive strength of the self-compacting mortar containing a complementary cement additive—25% addition of fly ash in relation to the total mass of the mixture at ambient temperature, and with the increase in TiO 2 content, the compressive strength also showed an increasing trend and reached its peak on day 90 [ 145 ].
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