Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Derivatives in Improved Elastin Homeostasis in a Rat Model of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.

Differently, when comparing the effect of repeat dosing, 2 dosing events seem to be more effective for both cell types, which is also explained by the results of the effect of time (2 weeks versus 1-week post-injection for a single-cell dosing event) which shows that without a repeat dose of cells 1 week after the first, the volume of aorta shows an increasing trend over the 2-week assessment period.

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However, a more rigorous pre-clinical study is mandated to confirm these outcomes with statistical significance for the results which have shown a positive trend.

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Significance Statement The ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC)-derived smooth muscle cells (SMCs) (cBM-SMCs) to robustly synthesize elastic matrix, which adult vascular cells are incapable of achieving, and their unique ability, unlike undifferentiated BM-MSCs, to provide pro-elastogenic and anti-proteolytic stimuli to aneurysmal SMCs via their paracrine secretions, and yet maintain high contractile abilities of SMCs in healthy vessels, renders their use in abdominal aortic aneurysm cell therapy highly significant.

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