The present study (Figure 3 ) showed a highly significant positive correlation between SD and STB, indicating that species diversity and stability of degraded karst plant communities are closely related during the restoration process. 4.2 Impact of functional diversity and functional redundancy on stability in different recovery stages Species diversity is the basis for generating functional diversity and functional redundancy, with functional diversity acting as a complementary effect and functional redundancy as an insurance effect (Tilman, 1999 ).
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