In the Italian Cohort of Antiretroviral Naïve Patients (ICONA cohort), a wide cohort of more than 19,000 HIV-positive individuals enrolled between 1997 and 2021 by 55 centers operating throughout Italy, the proportion of HBsAg-positive subjects was 6.6%, with a decreasing trend from 7.1% in 1997 to 4.5% in 2021 [ 11 ].
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