Transient response of bridge piers under eccentric impact of near-fault earthquake.

To simulate the pier-beam separation condition caused by near-fault vertical earthquake excitation, when the vertical relative displacement of the middle of the main beam and the top of the pier is greater than the support height ∆Z and shows an increasing trend, it means that the main beam and the pier are separated in the vertical direction.

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When the vertical relative displacement between the middle of the main beam and the top of the pier is less than the support height ∆Z and shows a decreasing trend, the main beam, and the pier collide vertically, the longitudinal spring element is a live element, and the main beam and the pier are connected.

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