Integrated metagenomics and targeted-metabolomics analysis of the effects of phenylalanine on loperamide-induced constipation in rats.

Specifically, there were differences in 21 of the 42 neurotransmitters detected by targeted metabolomics in the Lop group compared to the Ctrl group, among which Acetylcholine (Ach) levels increased 3.155 times, and the remaining 20 neurotransmitter species showed a decreasing trend ( p < 0.05; Table 1 ).

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In carbohydrate metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and pyruvate metabolism showed an increasing trend in the metabolic pathways of the Lop group, and the levels decreased after Phe administration.

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