Birth trauma in preterm spontaneous vaginal and cesarean section deliveries: A 10-years retrospective study.

The most important findings of our study are as follow: i) the incidence of birth trauma was 16.2 per 1000 births; ii) there is an increasing trend of delivery of preterm babies by CS (from 37.0% of total preterm births in 2007 to a percentage of 60.0% in 2017); iii) the incidence of trauma at birth is higher after 28 weeks gestation, in VD compared to delivery by CS; iv) preterm babies are not a higher risk of major birth trauma if they are delivered vaginally compared to delivery by CS; v) there was no difference in the incidence of birth trauma before 28 weeks gestation in babies delivered vaginally or by CS.

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