Shear Bond Performance at Interface of Concrete-Filled Steel Tube after Freeze-Thaw Cycles.

However, there were more significant differences in shear stiffness, and the shear stiffness of the specimens showed a decreasing trend after freeze–thaw cycles; this was due to the damage of the bonding surface caused by the freeze–thaw cycles, resulting in a decrease in the bond strength, and at the same time, the slippage between the steel pipe and the concrete increased; the shear stiffness of the specimens showed an increasing

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However, there were more significant differences in shear stiffness, and the shear stiffness of the specimens showed a decreasing trend after freeze–thaw cycles; this was due to the damage of the bonding surface caused by the freeze–thaw cycles, resulting in a decrease in the bond strength, and at the same time, the slippage between the steel pipe and the concrete increased; the shear stiffness of the specimens showed an increasing trend with the increase in concrete strength, which was due to the improvement of concrete strength that increased the mechanical bite force between concrete and steel tube, thereby improving the bond strength of the steel tube push-out specimen and reducing the slip between the concrete and steel tube.

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