Coapplication of Magnesium Supplementation and Vibration Modulate Macrophage Polarization to Attenuate Sarcopenic Muscle Atrophy through PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Expression of mTOR protein in the VIB and Mg + VIB groups was higher than in the Con group (both at p < 0.05) at month 3, while expression of mTOR protein in the Mg group showed an increasing trend at month 3 and increasing effect compared to the Con group ( p < 0.05) at month 4 ( Figure 5 F).

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The Mg + LY treatment decreased the levels of Akt ( p < 0.01) and pAkt ( p < 0.01), with a marginally significant difference in p85 protein expression compared with the Mg group ( p = 0.06) ( Figure 7 E), while the Mg + Ra treatment significantly decreased the expression level of p85 ( p < 0.05), Akt ( p < 0.05) and pAkt ( p < 0.05) compared with the Mg group.

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SAMP8 mice in the Con group showed a decreasing trend of serum Mg levels from month 2 to month 4 ( Figure 1 A), and the Mg group showed significantly increased levels compared to the Con group at month 3 and 4 ( p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 respectively).

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