Combining all-trans retinoid acid treatment targeting myeloid-derived suppressive cells with cryo-thermal therapy enhances antitumor immunity in breast cancer.

Compared to the tumor-bearing control, ATRA treatment alone significantly decreased the differentiation of Th2 cells and Tregs, but the expression level of perforin in CD4 + T cells was obviously decreased; furthermore, the Th1 subset showed a decreasing trend ( Figure 4A ).

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