Instructions and experiential learning have similar impacts on pain and pain-related brain responses but produce dissociations in value-based reversal learning.

Bayesian posterior estimates indicated that the effects of Heat Intensity, Cue x Phase interactions, and Heat Intensity x Cue x Phase interactions were practically significant with enough evidence to reject the null (<1% in ROPE), while the main effect of Phase supported the null (i.e. no effect of Phase; 99.8% in ROPE), despite being statistically significant.

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We observed similar results when we restricted analyses to pain ratings from the 36 participants with useable fMRI data, although the Group x Cue x Phase interaction was marginally significant in frequentist approaches; see Supplementary file 1 for complete details.

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