Photoionization and Photofragmentation Dynamics of I₂ in Intense Laser Fields: A Velocity-Map Imaging Study.

6 , 7 , 24 − 29 Studies into strong-field ionization of small molecules have demonstrated that ionization from deeper-lying orbitals than the highest-occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) may be significant. 24 Ionization from these more strongly bound orbitals (HOMO–1, HOMO–2, etc.) leaves the molecular cation in electronically excited states and therefore predetermines, to a large degree, the nuclear dynamics (e.g., photodissociation pathways) following ionization.

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