Longitudinal Analysis of Variability in Fecal Glucocorticoid Metabolite Concentrations in Three Orangutans (<i>Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus</i> and <i>Pongo pygmaeus abelii</i>) before, during, and after Transition from a Regular Habitat Environment to Temporary Housing in Indoor Holding Facilities.

While the occasional off-habitat housing is unavoidable (e.g., due to construction), and the overall benefit may be significant (e.g., a more species-appropriate habitat through construction, as well as not sending animals to other facilities and exposing them to potentially significant inter-institutional transport stress), planning should prioritize minimizing the amount of time spent away from the species-specific habitat.

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