Manure and mosquitoes: life history traits of two malaria vector species enhanced by larval exposure to cow dung, whilst chicken dung has a strong negative effect.

Parasit Vectors · 2022 · PMC9756494 · PMID 36527072

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closest p · 0.0× alpha

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highly significantP ≤ 0.001actually significant

Effect on adult production Chicken dung had a highly significant effect on adult emergence rate [ F (1,98) = 314.8624, P ≤ 0.001], where dung concentration and emergence rate were inversely related (Fig. 4 a).

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