Linking chronic stress to insomnia symptoms in older adults: The role of stress co-occurrence during the pandemic.

However, further adjustment for health risk factors and COVID‐19 concerns attenuated the effects of frequent stress co‐occurrence on all three symptoms (Table 3 , Model 3), with the strongest effect remaining for difficulty initiating sleep (OR = 1.51, p = 0.010), followed by nonrestorative sleep (OR = 1.38, p = 0.042), while frequent nocturnal awakening became marginally significant (OR = 1.38; p = 0.048).

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As shown in Table 4 , we did find that higher ages were associated with a higher likelihood of frequent nocturnal awakening (OR = 1.02; 95% CI = [1.00, 1.03]; p = 0.037) and a lower likelihood of non‐restorative sleep (OR = 0.98; 95% CI = [0.97, 1.00]; p = 0.021), yet the effects were weak with marginal significance.

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