highly significantp < 0.001
Co‐occurrence network analysis indicates differences between captive and wild populations of giant pandas In this study, we reanalyzed our V4 region of 16S rRNA sequence data from 494 giant panda fecal samples from three different populations (GPCAP, GPMS, and GPXXL), and beta diversity analysis showed a highly significant difference ( p < 0.001) in microbial composition among these three groups, indicating the stability of the group clustering patterns (Figure S1 and Table S1 ).