Increased Prescribing of Psychotropic Drugs or School-Based Services for Children with Disabilities? Associations of These Self-control-Boosting Strategies with Juvenile Violence at the State Level.

It mainly applies to less serious violent outcomes (having been in a physical fight and, to a lesser degree, weapon carrying, though only to fighting if estimated over time), but not to extreme violence (estimated homicide rates among ages 12–24), where the regression coefficient for the contemporaneous effect is − 0.05 and barely significant.

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