Chemical Characteristics and Cytotoxicity to GC-2spd(ts) Cells of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Nanjing Jiangbei New Area from 2015 to 2019.

Toxics · 2023 · PMC9966943 · PMID 36850968

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

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closest p · 0.2× alpha

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boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp < 0.01actually significant

In this study, there was a highly significant correlation between WSOC and Cl − (r 2 = 0.94, p < 0.01), suggesting that fossil fuel combustion contributed to WSOC in PM 2.5 .

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

Overall, PM 2.5 concentrations during the sampling period showed a decreasing trend year by year.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

However, the values of NO 3 − /SO 4 2− generally showed an increasing trend, suggesting that the contribution of mobile source emissions to PM 2.5 pollution was increasing.

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likely to be significantno p-value reported

This suggested that heavy metals and PAHs in PM 2.5 were likely to be significant components causing oxidative stress and DNA damage in cells.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.