“an increasing trend”

reported a mean micronucleus count of 5.1 ± 1.619 in individuals with leukoplakia, with an increasing trend based on dysplasia severity[ 24 ].

This is consistent with other studies that have noted a shift in demographics in the herbal medicine industry in Ghana, with an increasing trend of the youthful population being involved in the herbal medicine industry or health care [ 17 ].

The second class, which included approximately 58% of the study sample, had the lowest mortality rate in the initial stage and an increasing trend over the study period.

[ 1 ] A previous study identified an increasing trend in lung cancer incidence among females and a decreasing mortality trend in both sexes in China from 2000 to 2018, comparing trends with those in the United States.

Meanwhile, there was an increasing trend in CD40 expression in sepsis (Fig. 9 C), and the change of BACH2 and BCL2 mRNA levels was not distinct in sepsis samples compared to CTL (Fig. 10 , D-E).

The spatial agglomeration degree followed the pattern LF > EF > PF, with LF and EF showing an increasing trend while PF decreased.

There is an increasing trend in the use of industrial waste materials like fly ash, silica fume, and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) for manufacturing AACs [ 23 – 27 ].

Another study assessing the health status of Iranian pilgrims before departing for Hajj over different years showed an increasing trend of diabetes prevalence from 2.44% in 2004 to 8.31% in 2008 [ 18 ].

Notably, an increasing trend of person-to-person (P2P) transmission was observed in 2021.

We note that what had been an increasing trend in overall service utilisation pre-lockdown among the three Girl Champ clinics changed in the post-lockdown period; however, this was not statistically significant after applying the Bonferroni correction, and no similar effect was found among the other 29 clinics included in the study.

As the number of freeze-thaw cycles increased, the free sulfhydryl content of the natural and ultrasonically modified corn starch model doughs showed an increasing trend, while the disulfide bond content showed the opposite.

BA.2-derived BA.2.86 was first detected in a domestic case on August 31, 2023, with its descendant JN.1 showing an increasing trend as of November 2023.

The observations on hand-grip strength, back-leg press, skeletal muscle mass, and VO 2 max showed an increasing trend from V3 to V7, whereas the results of the three inflammatory markers (hs-C-reactive protein (CRP) mg/L; IL-6; TNF-alpha ) and the muscle marker (myostatin) revealed a decreasing trend from V3 to V7 in the Ashwagandha group.

In particular, Korean women in the 20–40 years age group showed an increasing trend in smoking rates compared with other age groups [ 21 ].

For example, until epidemiological week 24 of 2023, according to the São Paulo State Influenza Report, ( 13 ) an increase in the number of SARS cases due to RSV was reported in the pandemic and post-pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period, as well as an increasing trend in the number of cases in the last months of 2021 and 2022, indicating a possible modification in the seasonal pattern of case occurrence after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion The incidence of lung cancer in Xiamen was relatively high and showed an increasing trend from 2011 to 2020.

Except for the income-poverty ratio, race, and female gender, all other variables exhibited an increasing trend according to the tertiles of serum uric acid (Table 1 ).

Cells in the stirred-tank bioreactor exhibited the lowest red fluorescence during the initial batch phase, but with an increasing trend towards the end of the biomass production phase (normalized value of 0.69).

The most dominant phyla, Pseudomonadota, showed an increasing trend in relative abundance in both bulk soil and rhizosphere samples from control to asymptomatic to symptomatic samples.

After adjusting covariates, HR values in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th quantile showed an increasing trend compared with the 1st quantile, and the risk of disability among WWI subjects in the 4th quantile increased by 43% (95% CI: 1.24–1.64).

However, further study indicated that the ubiquitination level exhibited an increasing trend with increased DSF/Cu concentrations, which was further augmented by MG132 and inhibited by CHX ( Fig. 5 J and K).

The EAPC and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the following formula: EAPC = 100 × (exp(β) − 1).When the lower limit of the 95% CI of the EAPC was greater than 0, the ASR was considered to have an increasing trend; when the upper limit of the 95% CI of the EAPC was less than 0, the ASR was considered to have a decreasing trend; when the 95% CI contained 0, the ASR trend was considered stable [ 4 ].

Annual in‐hospital mortality showed an increasing trend for both patient groups (60.3% in 2017 to 65.7% in 2021 for patients treated with MCS vs. 57.7% in 2017 to 60.4% in 2021 for patients treated without MCS).

The inpatient mortality rate showed an increasing trend from 2012 to 2014, followed by a gradual decrease from 2014 to 2017.

To determine whether the chESCs maintained pluripotency under 4i + LIF conditions, the expression levels of pluripotency-related ( NANOG, SOX2, SOX3, OCT4, PRDM14, DNMT3B , and LIN28A ) and germ cell ( CVH and DAZL ) markers were analyzed; the expression levels of some these markers showed an increasing trend over time from d 5 to 9 ( Figure 3 C).