Hazard and cumulative incidence of umbilical cord metabolic acidemia at birth in fetuses experiencing the second stage of labor and pathologic intrapartum fetal heart rate requiring expedited delivery.

Arch Gynecol Obstet · 2023 · PMC10023766 · PMID 35596749

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In fact, fetal scalp pH during normal labor decreases 0.016 pH unit per hour in the 1st stage and 0.11–0.12 pH unit per hour in the 2STG, showing a clear trend towards higher bases depletion from the 1st to the 2STG [ 6 ].

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