Adsorption and Removal of Cr⁶⁺, Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, and Zn²⁺ from Aqueous Solution by Magnetic Nano-Chitosan.

From Figure 7 a, when Pb 2+ and Zn 2+ were competitors, with the increase in the initial concentration of target Cu 2+ , the q e of Pb 2+ kept at a constant level, the ∆q e Cu-Pb first increased and then remained at a constant level, indicating no influence between Cu 2+ and Pb 2+ ; the q e of Zn and ∆q e Cu-Zn exhibited a decreasing trend, illustrating the existing mutual inhibition effects between Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ .

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The q e of Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ , and Zn 2+ in single, binary, and ternary ion systems showed an increasing trend with the increase in the metal ion equilibrium concentration.

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With the increase in the initial concentration of metal ions, the q e increased, the temperature was higher, and the q e was larger, i.e., 318 K > 308 K > 298 K; the η of Cr 6+ , Cu 2+ , and Zn 2+ decreased continuously, while the η of Pb 2+ showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the adsorption of metal ions was a spontaneous and feasible endothermic process.

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