Barely Significant
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Effect of <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> N1115 on Immunomodulatory and Gut Microbial Composition in Young Children: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Nutrients · 2023 · PMC10145370 · PMID 37111189

2
hedged sentences
0.0390
closest p · 0.8× alpha
0.0390
boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp = 0.039actually significant
Further analysis showed a trend toward a higher detection rate of Lactobacillus in the experimental group than in the control group ( p = 0.039).

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an increasing trendno p-value reported
A study published in 2019 showed that after 132 infants aged 3.5–6 months were randomly treated with formula milk powder containing mixed probiotics or placebo for 4 weeks, the fecal sIgA level in the probiotic group was higher, and the saliva sIgA also showed an increasing trend [ 37 ], suggesting that the intervention effect of mixed probiotics is also more obvious for fecal sIgA.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.