Impact of Heated Tobacco Products, E-Cigarettes, and Cigarettes on Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction.

Int J Mol Sci · 2023 · PMC10253418 · PMID 37298381

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0580

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.0580

boldest claim

The sentences

showed a trendp = 0.058so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The immature granulocytes increased significantly in the JUULTM group ( p < 0.05) and showed a trend without reaching the significance level in the Cig group ( p = 0.058).

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highly significantno p-value reported

Furthermore, the paired t -test for the e-cigarette without nicotine ( p < 0.01), the e-cigarette with nicotine ( p < 0.001), and the IQOS ( p < 0.001) shows a highly significant increase in lymphocytes ( Figure 1 ).

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