Collective photothermal bending of flexible organic crystals modified with MXene-polymer multilayers as optical waveguide arrays.

Although these photochemically driven deformations can be quite significant in the extent of bending or curling, the processes of amplification of the strain caused by the photochemical reaction at a molecular scale to macroscopic bending are known to be kinetically inefficient, and such processes generally are not thought to qualify for actuating applications 27 .

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