Checkpoint inhibitors as dual immunotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis.

As we expected, in terms of the high TMB subgroup, the outcome of dual immunotherapy led to significantly increased OS and PFS when compared with chemotherapy (HR = 0.69 for OS and HR = 0.71 for PFS) and a slight increase when compared to ICIs alone (HR = 0.85 for OS and HR = 0.76 for PFS); patients treated with dual immunotherapy also tended to have better ORR even though it did not reach statistical significance (pooled RR = 1.28).

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