Retrospective Analysis of Spectrum of Infections and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis in a Tertiary Care Centre in North India.

The overall incidence rate was 0.24 per 1000 catheter-days (definitive: 0.19/1000, probable: 0.054/1000), which is lower than that in older studies (5.3–6.5/1000 catheter-days).[ 14 - 16 ] However, our finding is comparable to a recent Indian study (0.2/1000 catheter-days) and a recent study from Alberta, Canada (0.19/1000 catheter-days).[ 7 , 17 ] While reports from developed countries consistently showed the predominance of Gram-positive bacteria (GPB),[ 18 , 19 ] recent reports from the developing world showed a trend of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) predominance.[ 8 , 20 ] In our study, GNB accounts for 71.4% of the pathogen isolated, and the remaining 28.6% is made of up GPB such as S. aureus (MSSA) and E. faecalis .

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