Ruminal Fluid Transplantation Accelerates Rumen Microbial Remodeling and Improves Feed Efficiency in Yaks.

The relative abundances of Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria, and Spirochaetes were lower in the RT group than in the CON group, with a decrease observed in Bacteroidota in the RT group on days 7 and 28 after rumen fluid transplantation ( p = 0.013), while Proteobacteria showed a decreasing trend in the CON group and an increasing trend in RT; however, this was only at day 4 ( p = 0.019).

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Moreover, there was a significant trend of increased feed efficiency in the RT group of yaks in the 3 months, which may be due to the rumen fluid transplantation accelerating the rumen microbial adaptation to the high-grain diet and improving the digestibility of the feed nutrients in the yaks.

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