Seeing eye to eye: trustworthy embodiment for task-based conversational agents.

4.4.2 Quantitative analysis of the questionnaire Chi-square analysis of the observed counts of responses to the closed questions revealed, for question A) “Which interaction did you prefer?,“ a near-significant preference for the robot (52% vs. speaker = 29% vs. neither = 19%), χ 2 (2, N = 31) = 5.097, p = 0.078.

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Qualitative responses describing subjective impressions show that, while the robot condition was preferred by more participants (52%) (while not quite statistically significant, it was a trend), some viewed the two conditions even-handedly (19%) and some preferred voice-only interaction (29%) (see Figure 9 , question A, and the themes in “Qualitative Results”).

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