Analysis of the concurrent validity and reliability of five common clinical goniometric devices.

Sci Rep · 2023 · PMC10684565 · PMID 38017058

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showed a trendno p-value reported

SA and MI showed a trend toward lower reliability, with a greater SEM (0.59°–1.75°) and MDC (1°–4°) than the other devices.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

We consistently observed an increasing trend in both intra- and interrater reliabilities as the measurement angles widened.

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