Adenine intake activated the oxidative stress Compared with the NC group, MDA level of kidney tissues in the NML group showed an elevated trend ( P > 0.05), while in the NMM and NMH groups was considerably higher ( P < 0.05; P < 0.05) ( Fig. 3 F).
Adenine intake decreased the diversity and separated microbiota structure Chao1, Observed_species, and Shannon indexes were significantly lower in the NMM group compared with the NC group ( P < 0.05; P < 0.05; P < 0.05), and the above indexes showed a trend of reduction in the NML group ( P > 0.05; P > 0.05; P > 0.05) ( Fig. 4 A–C), suggesting that 50 mg/(kg·d) adenine intake markedly reduced diversity of gut content microbiota of mice.