Evaluation of the Effects of Instant Cascara Beverage on the Brain-Gut Axis of Healthy Male and Female Rats.

In our study, although the differences did not reach statistical significance, compared to control males, control females showed higher reactivity in the splash test and higher general exploratory activity in the hole board test, which is in accordance with previous studies performed in rats [ 65 ], but a lower defecation rate (which agrees with the results of the fecal pellet analysis during the first hour of the radiographic study).

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