Nisin lantibiotic prevents NAFLD liver steatosis and mitochondrial oxidative stress following periodontal disease by abrogating oral, gut and liver dysbiosis.

Other cytokine-related genes, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2), IL-1β, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and interferon (IFN)-γ, showed a similar tendency, but these differences did not reach statistical significance (Supplementary Fig. 5 ).

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