Amyloid deposition and small vessel disease are associated with cognitive function in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Similarly, the association between WMH and global cognition as well as attention remained, while the associations between WMH and executive function or language showed a trend toward significance when adding Aβ-SUVR as a covariate in addition to adjustment for type-2 diabetes-related characteristics and ICV (β = − 0.02, SD = 0.01, p = 0.03 for global cognition, β = − 0.03, SD = 0.01, p = 0.03 for attention, β = − 0.02, SD = 0.01, p = 0.06 for executive functions, and β = − 0.02, SD = 0.01, p = 0.06 for language, Table 4 B).

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Similarly, the association between WMH and global cognition as well as attention remained, while the associations between WMH and executive function or language showed a trend toward significance when adding Aβ-SUVR as a covariate in addition to adjustment for type-2 diabetes-related characteristics and ICV (β = − 0.02, SD = 0.01, p = 0.03 for global cognition, β = − 0.03, SD = 0.01, p = 0.03 for attention, β = − 0.02, SD = 0.01, p = 0.06 for executive functions, and β = − 0.02, SD = 0.01, p = 0.06 for language, Table 4 B).

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Higher WMH volume was associated with lower attention (β = − 0.03, SD = 0.01, p = 0.03) and approached significance with lower executive functions and language functioning (β = − 0.02, SD = 0.01, p = 0.07; β = − 0.02, SD = 0.01, p = 0.07, respectively, for the full models, Fig. 2 , and supplementary Table 1 ).

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