The replication-competent HIV reservoir is a genetically restricted, younger subset of the overall pool of HIV proviruses persisting during therapy, which is highly genetically stable over time.

While one study suggested that younger HIV lineages may be preferentially eliminated during the initial years of ART (though this did not reach statistical significance ( 6 )), the other supported relative proviral genetic stability even in the longer term (though the primary goal of the latter analysis was to investigate whether residual HIV replication occurs during ART, not to evaluate proviral genetic stability over time ( 5 )).

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