Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with sequential perioperative toripalimab in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer.

Nevertheless, in two studies comparing this triple neoadjuvant therapy with propensity score-matched nCRT cohort, although the combination therapy showed a higher pCR rate, it did not reach statistical significance compared with the nCRT group. 8 17 Another systematic review and network meta-analysis demonstrated that there were no significant differences between NICRT and NCRT with regard to pCR or mPR rates, and both were superior to NICT. 24 Further randomized controlled studies are required to validate whether the tricombination neoadjuvant therapy approach yields a superior pathological response compared with standard nCRT.

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