MicroRNA binding site variation is enriched in psychiatric disorders.

Each of these meta‐analyses revealed a highly significant association of MBSVs, as well as all eQTL‐annotated subsets of MBSVs (Supporting Information: Table 11 ).

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Environmental factors, such as cellular and physical stress, can also influence miRNA expression (Lukiw & Pogue, 2007 ; Mannironi et al., 2013 ; Rocha, 2007 ), and thus there may be significant genotype‐by‐environment (GxE) interactions present, whereby MBSVs are only pathologically relevant within the context of other environmental risk factors for psychiatric disease.

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We observed significant enrichment of MBSVs in schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, and anorexia nervosa, particularly in genes targeted by several miRNA families, including miR‐335‐5p, miR‐21‐5p/590‐5p, miR‐361‐5p, and miR‐557, and a nominally significant association between miR‐323b‐3p MBSVs and schizophrenia risk.

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