Heart surgery over two decades: what we have learned about results and changing risks.

BMC Cardiovasc Disord · 2024 · PMC10996112 · PMID 38580959

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a clear trendno p-value reported

Excluding some exceptions for the AS/AVR/r group (in which the small sample size ( N = 909) precluded observing a clear trend), all studied CVRFs demonstrated an overall rising trend from 2002 to 2021 in all three groups.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

The fact that mean age had an increasing trend from 2002 to 2021 might be good news for Iran's healthcare system, as in recent years, people have stayed healthier for a longer period of time.

also in 63,971 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.