Role of Systemic Factors in Improving the Prognosis of Diabetic Retinal Disease and Predicting Response to Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment.

130 No strong association was observed between smoking and DR in people with T1D, though there was a trend toward significance between smoking and incidence of retinopathy among people with T1D ( P value 0.052), leading to the conclusion that smoking is not likely to be an important risk factor for DRD. 130 Similarly, in a study of 201 patients with T1D, smoking was not associated with PDR over 25 years. 129 However, in th

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80 Klein et al’s WESDR 111 study showed a significant trend for increasing severity of DR and of retinal hard exudate with increasing cholesterol in insulin-using persons.

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