Lung Epithelium Releases Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in Response to Pathogen-mediated Injury.

In patients with GDF15 quantified in plasma and ETA ( n = 44), we found a moderate but highly significant correlation between plasma and lower respiratory tract GDF15 levels (Spearman ρ = 0.40, P < 0.01; Figure 1F ).

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We found no difference in BAL levels of GDF15 ( Figure 5F ), but there was a trend toward increased GDF15 in the plasma ( Figure 5G ) of Gfral −/− mice that did not reach statistical significance.

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