A digital twin model incorporating generalized metabolic fluxes to identify and predict chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

NPJ Digit Med · 2024 · PMC11126707 · PMID 38789510

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0100

closest p · 0.2× alpha

0.1000

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp < 0.01actually significant

The highly significant hazard ratio of 3.6 ( p < 0.01) indicates a markedly faster progression rate in the high-risk group compared to the moderate/low-risk group (Fig. 4b ).

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approaching significancep < 0.1so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

We attribute this to the relatively smaller sample size of patients taking SGLT2i in the future CKD group compared to the future non-CKD group ( n = 16 vs n = 23), causing the effects within the future CKD group to be non-significant but approaching significance ( p < 0.1).

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near significancep < 0.1so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Although the effects in the future CKD group were not statistically significant but near significance ( p < 0.1, Table 6) , there was a noticeable trend involving the same lipid metabolism GMF.

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