As shown in Fig 3 , from 2000 to 2020, the overall production function of cultivated land in Hebei Province showed a trend of gradual development from weak and medium grades to medium and strong grades.
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Study on the multifunctional spatial-temporal evolution and coupling coordination of cultivated land: A case study of Hebei Province, China.
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In this study, we analyzed the time series changes in the production, social, ecological and landscape functions of the cultivated land in Hebei from 2000 to 2020 based on the functional index formula, and the results showed that all functions displayed increasing trends during the investigated years, except for the ecological function, which exhibited a decreasing trend ( Fig 2 ).